Unfortunately, we forgot to account for “stock splits.” Companies split their stock all the time, multiplying (and sometimes dividing) shares in circulation in a bid to boost “liquidity” (a fancy finance term that refers to how easy it is to sell an asset). For example, Intel split its stock a few months after the dot-com bubble burst two decades ago. Without having to do anything at all, someone holding five Intel shares would’ve gone to sleep on July 31, 2000, and woken in August with 10. This has huge and obvious implications for our dot-com bubble portfolio, so we had to recalculate it. Now, not only does Hard Fork’s analysis consider stock splits, but it also calculates revenue generated via dividends, which some companies (like Oracle and Cisco) use to reward (and incentivize) shareholders with extra cash. Even further: prior to freezing themselves until today, our savvy dot-com investor set up a Dividend Reinvestment Plan (DRIP). This automatically reinvests profit generated by holding certain shares back into those companies (very handy when freezing oneself). We set a $10 minimum for our DRIP in a bid to inject some realism: If the dividend paid is less than $10, our frozen buddy takes it in cash. If it’s above $10, they’ll automatically reinvest it back into the company that paid the dividend.
Stock splits and dividends doubled our dot-com stock
Welcome back (again) to 2020… ! Never mind that you FOMOed into buying the top of one of the biggest stock market bubbles in history — just as civilization was about to collapse due to a technical glitch. Turns out your portfolio still grew by nearly 80%. [Read: At least 7,500 Robinhood traders bought Hertz stock after its latest 100% pump] Congrats! Thanks to its consistent history of paying dividends (and a 2-for-1 stock split back in 2003), that $2,582 in the maker of Windows has ballooned to more than $10,000. Your $MSFT stake is now worth more than your entire original investment. You might notice the absence of Dell. Similarly to Yahoo! and Sun Microsystems, the PC prince bought you out of your stake for a combined total of $13.88 per share when it went private back in 2013. Dell would start trading publicly again in 2018, but you weren’t able to buy back in on account of being frozen stiff. But even though you lost practically everything by going so long on Worldcom, Sun Microsystems, JDS Unphase, and Dell; reinvesting your dividends ultimately paid off. Take Microsoft, your biggest bet. It’s returned 300% since Y2K: your initial 22 shares doubled to 44 in the 2003 stock split, and then (by virtue of your DRIP), you grew that stack by 20%. In fact, almost $1,700 of your Microsoft shares were generated via your DRIP.
Wait, Yahoo! returned 86%!?
It might surprise you to learn that Yahoo! (of all things) actually did great for you — far better than your stakes in Qualcomm and Cisco. Indeed, the three shares you started with (worth a little more than $330) were doubled twice. Once in 2000 and again in 2004, which brought your stack to 12. This means that (despite grabbing $YHOO at close to its all-time high) you nearly doubled your original investment when the company’s successor Atlaba finally bought you out for $51.50 per share in September last year.
Microsoft’s performance shouldn’t be understated. If you’d taken the arguably simpler route of investing in Invesco’s QQQ ETF (which tracks the tech-focused NASDAQ 100), your money would’ve only grown 240% — good, but much less than $MSFT’s returns. Unfortunately, no amount of stock splitting, dividend paying, or buying out would bring fraud-laden Worldcom back from the grave. You still lost everything there. Something else worth noting: the US dollar’s cumulative rate of inflation since the year 2000 is 48.9%. This means $10,000 back then is actually worth $14,889 today, which certainly puts a dampener on your profits. For what it’s worth, if you’d simply pocketed the dividends instead of reinvesting, you would’ve ended with $13,710 in stock, $1,605 in cash, and $784 worth of buyout money, for a total of $16,100. You’d still beat inflation (just), but it’s considerably less than opting for a DRIP. This analysis estimates the growth of a portfolio of tech stocks built near the top of the dot-com bubble, and shouldn’t be treated as a definitive resource. For example, some companies provide discounts to shareholders participating in a DRIP, which would slightly change the end result. Still, if you’re interested in exploring the growth of Hard Fork’s dot-com bubble stocks more closely, you can check out the full analysis via Google Sheets here. Tell us what else we got wrong!
